What are kidney stones and what causes them

What causes kidney stones?

Kidney stones form when the urine contains too much certain substances such like: calcium oxalate, phosphate, uric acid and amino acid. When conditions are suitable the crystals in urine stick together and become stones.
There are many causes of kidney stones such eating foods with too much salt or sugar and drinking sugar-rich drinks. Also obesity are one of the reasons. The most common cause of kidney stone is dehydration. Drinking plenty of water keeps you hydrated and reduces the risk of getting kidney stones.
Infections and family history may cause the stones in some people. Kidney stones may also be an inherited disease.

Most common types of kidney stones

• Calcium oxalate stones – They are most common type of kidney stones. More common in men than in women.
• Uric acid stones – They are more common in men than in women. These stones can form in people who eat high protein food. And in those people who are dehydrated.
• Struvite stones – Mostly found in people who have a urinary tract infection. Stones can grow very large and can block the urinary tract, kidney and the bladder. These type of stones are most common in women.
• Cystine stones – These type of stones can form in people who have a cystinuria – inherited disease.

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